How Much Can You Really Afford to Borrow?

Buying a home is exciting, but one of the biggest questions for prospective buyers is: how much can I actually afford to borrow? Understanding your borrowing capacity is key to avoiding financial stress and ensuring your mortgage is manageable over the long term. This guide will help you break down income, expenses, and realistic mortgage planning so you can make informed decisions

What Is an Investment Property Loan?

An investment property loan is a type of mortgage designed specifically for purchasing real estate you don’t plan to live in yourself. Instead, the property is used to generate income through rent or future capital growth.

While they work similarly to standard home loans, investment loans often come with different conditions such as:

  • Higher interest rates compared to owner-occupied loans.
  • Stricter lending criteria, including a stronger focus on your income and existing debt levels.
  • Specific loan structures, such as interest-only repayments, which can be useful for tax and cash flow planning.

Understanding Borrowing Capacity

Borrowing capacity is the amount a lender is willing to lend you based on your financial situation. Lenders assess your capacity by looking at several factors, including:

  • Your income – This includes salary, bonuses, and other reliable sources of income.
  • Your expenses – Everyday living costs, debts, and other financial commitments.
  • Interest rates – Lenders often test your ability to repay loans at higher interest rates than the current market rate.
  • Deposit size – A larger deposit can increase your borrowing power and reduce the need for Lenders Mortgage Insurance.


Knowing these factors helps you set a realistic budget and prevents you from taking on a loan that stretches your finances too thin.

Calculating Your Income

  1. Start by adding up all your sources of income. This may include:

    • Salary or wages
    • Bonuses or commissions
    • Rental income
    • Government payments or allowances

    Lenders usually consider only reliable and consistent income when calculating borrowing capacity. If your income fluctuates, such as from freelance work or commissions, lenders may use an average over several months or years.

Assessing Your Expenses

Next, consider your regular outgoings. These may include:

  • Rent or current mortgage payments
  • Utility bills, groceries, and transport costs
  • Credit card or personal loan repayments
  • Childcare or school fees
  • Other living expenses

It’s important to be honest and realistic. Many buyers underestimate living costs, which can lead to financial pressure later. Lenders also factor in a buffer for unexpected expenses when calculating how much they are willing to lend.

Understanding How Lenders Assess Loans

Lenders don’t just look at income versus expenses. They also consider:

  • Interest rate buffers – Lenders typically test your repayments at an interest rate higher than the current rate to ensure you can manage increases.
  • Loan term – A longer loan term reduces monthly repayments but increases total interest paid.
  • Debt-to-income ratio – The proportion of your income that goes toward debts, including the proposed mortgage.

 

Being aware of these factors helps you understand why lenders might approve a lower loan than you expect.

Planning for a Realistic Mortgage

To determine a comfortable borrowing amount:

  1. Calculate your monthly repayment capacity – How much can you realistically pay each month without compromising other financial goals?
  2. Use online borrowing calculators – These give a ballpark figure based on your income, expenses, and deposit.
  3. Speak to a mortgage broker – Brokers can provide a more accurate assessment of your borrowing power and suggest loans that match your financial situation.

Remember, just because you can borrow a certain amount doesn’t mean you should. Borrowing less than the maximum approved loan often gives you more flexibility, reduces stress, and allows for life’s unexpected costs.

Final Thoughts

Understanding your borrowing capacity is one of the most important steps in the home buying process. By carefully evaluating your income, expenses, and long-term financial goals, you can borrow an amount that’s realistic and sustainable.

Working with a mortgage broker can help you navigate this process, ensuring you make informed decisions and find a home loan that suits your needs. Planning carefully now can save you stress – and money – later

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